New Years Eve - Classic Essay by Charles Lamb

An accountant in India House in London for more than 30 years and caregiver for his sister Mary (who, in a fit of mania, had stabbed their mother to death), Charles Lamb was one of the great masters of the English essay. The most intimate of the early-19th-century essayists, Lamb relied on stylistic artifice (whim-whams, as he referred to his antique diction and far-fetched comparisons) and a contrived persona known as Elia. As George L. Barnett has observed, Lambs egoism suggests more than Lambs person: it awakens in the reader reflections of kindred feelings and affections (Charles Lamb: The Evolution of Elia, 1964). In the essay New Years Eve, which first appeared in the January 1821 issue of The London Magazine, Lamb reflects wistfully on the passage of time. You may find it interesting to compare Lambs essay with three others in our collection: At the Turn of the Year, by Fiona Macleod (William Sharp)Last Year, by Horace SmithThe New Year, by George William CurtisJanuary in the Sussex Woods, by Richard Jefferies New Years Eve by Charles Lamb 1 Every man hath two birth-days: two days, at least, in every year, which set him upon revolving the lapse of time, as it affects his mortal duration. The one is that which in an especial manner he termeth his. In the gradual desuetude of old observances, this custom of solemnizing our proper birth-day hath nearly passed away, or is left to children, who reflect nothing at all about the matter, nor understand any thing in it beyond cake and orange. But the birth of a New Year is of an interest too wide to be pretermitted by king or cobbler. No one ever regarded the First of January with indifference. It is that from which all date their time, and count upon what is left. It is the nativity of our common Adam. 2 Of all sounds of all bells--(bells, the music nighest bordering upon heaven)--most solemn and touching is the peal which rings out the Old Year. I never hear it without a gathering-up of my mind to a concentration of all the images that have been diffused over the past twelvemonth; all I have done or suffered, performed or neglected--in that regretted time. I begin to know its worth, as when a person dies. It takes a personal colour; nor was it a poetical flight in a contemporary, when he exclaimed   I saw the skirts of the departing Year. It is no more than what in sober sadness every one of us seems to be conscious of, in that awful leave-taking. I am sure I felt it, and all felt it with me, last night; though some of my companions affected rather to manifest an exhilaration at the birth of the coming year, than any very tender regrets for the decease of its predecessor. But I am none of those who--   Welcome the coming, speed the parting guest. I am naturally, beforehand, shy of novelties; new books, new faces, new years, from some mental twist which makes it difficult in me to face the prospective. I have almost ceased to hope; and am sanguine only in the prospects of other (former) years. I plunge into foregone visions and conclusions. I encounter pell-mell with past disappointments. I am armour-proof against old discouragements. I forgive, or overcome in fancy, old adversaries. I play over again for love, as the gamesters phrase it, games, for which I once paid so dear. I would scarce now have any of those untoward accidents and events of my life reversed. I would no more alter them than the incidents of some well-contrived novel. Methinks, it is better that I should have pined away seven of my goldenest years, when I was thrall to the fair hair, and fairer eyes, of Alice W----n, than that so passionate a love-adventure should be lost. It was better that our family should have missed that legacy, which old Dorrell cheate d us of, than that I should have at this moment two thousand pounds in banco, and be without the idea of that specious old rogue. 3 In a degree beneath manhood, it is my infirmity to look back upon those early days. Do I advance a paradox, when I say, that, skipping over the intervention of forty years, a man may have leave to love himself, without the imputation of self-love? 4 If I know aught of myself, no one whose mind is introspective--and mine is painfully so--can have a less respect for his present identity, than I have for the man Elia. I know him to be light, and vain, and humorsome; a notorious ***; addicted to ****: averse from counsel, neither taking it, nor offering it;--*** besides; a stammering buffoon; what you will; lay it on, and spare not; I subscribe to it all, and much more, than thou canst be willing to lay at his door--but for the child Elia--that other me, there, in the back-ground--I must take leave to cherish the remembrance of that young master--with as little reference, I protest, to this stupid changeling of five-and-forty, as if it had been a child of some other house, and not of my parents. I can cry over its patient small-pox at five, and rougher medicaments. I can lay its poor fevered head upon the sick pillow at Christs, and wake with it in surprise at the gentle posture of maternal tenderness hanging over it, that unknown had watched its sleep. I know how it shrank from any the least colour of falsehood. God help thee, Elia, how art thou changed! Thou art sophisticated. I know how honest, how courageous (for a weakling) it was--how religious, how imaginative, how hopeful! From what have I not fallen, if the child I remember was indeed myself, and not some dissembling guardian, presenting a false identity, to give the rule to my unpractised steps, and regulate the tone of my moral being! 5 That I am fond of indulging, beyond a hope of sympathy, in such retrospection, may be the symptom of some sickly idiosyncrasy. Or is it owing to another cause; simply, that being without wife or family, I have not learned to project myself enough out of myself; and having no offspring of my own to dally with, I turn back upon memory and adopt my own early idea, as my heir and favourite? If these speculations seem fantastical to thee, reader (a busy man, perchance), if I tread out of the way of thy sympathy, and am singularly-conceited only, I retire, impenetrable to ridicule, under the phantom cloud of Elia. 6The elders, with whom I was brought up, were of a character not likely to let slip the sacred observance of any old institution; and the ringing out of the Old Year was kept by them with circumstances of peculiar ceremony. In those days the sound of those midnight chimes, though it seemed to raise hilarity in all around me, never failed to bring a train of pensive imagery into my fancy. Yet I then scarce conceived what it meant, or thought of it as a reckoning that concerned me. Not childhood alone, but the young man till thirty, never feels practically that he is mortal. He knows it indeed, and, if need were, he could preach a homily on the fragility of life; but he brings it not home to himself, any more than in a hot June we can appropriate to our imagination the freezing days of December. But now, shall I confess a truth? I feel these audits but too powerfully. I begin to count the probabilities of my duration, and to grudge at the expenditure of moments and shortest periods, li ke misers farthings. In proportion as the years both lessen and shorten, I set more count upon their periods, and would fain lay my ineffectual finger upon the spoke of the great wheel. I am not content to pass away like a weavers shuttle. Those  metaphors  solace me not, nor sweeten the unpalatable draught of mortality. I care not to be carried with the tide, that smoothly bears human life to eternity; and reluct at the inevitable course of destiny. I am in love with this green earth; the face of town and country; the unspeakable rural solitudes, and the sweet security of streets. I would set up my tabernacle here. I am content to stand still at the age to which I am arrived; I, and my friends: to be no younger, no richer, no  handsomer. I do not want to be weaned by age; or drop, like mellow fruit, as they say, into the grave. Any alteration, on this earth of mine, in diet or in lodging, puzzles and discomposes me. My household-gods plant a terrible fixed foot, and are not r ooted up without blood. They do not willingly seek Lavinian shores. A new state of being staggers me. 7  Sun, and sky, and breeze, and solitary walks, and summer holidays, and the greenness of fields, and the delicious juices of meats and fishes, and society, and the cheerful glass, and candle-light, and  fire-side  conversations, and innocent vanities, and jests, and  irony itself--do these things go out with life? 8  Can a ghost laugh, or shake his gaunt sides, when you are pleasant with him? 9  And you, my midnight darlings, my Folios! must I part with the intense delight of having you (huge armfuls) in my embraces? Must knowledge come to me, if it come at all, by some awkward experiment of intuition, and no longer by this familiar process of reading? 10  Shall I enjoy friendships there, wanting the smiling indications which point me to them here,--the recognisable face--the sweet assurance of a look--? 11  In winter this intolerable disinclination to dying--to give it its mildest name--does more especially haunt and beset me. In a genial August noon, beneath a sweltering sky, death is almost problematic. At those times do such poor snakes as myself enjoy an immortality. Then we expand and burgeon. Then are we as strong again, as valiant again, as wise again, and a great deal taller. The blast that nips and shrinks me, puts me in thoughts of death. All things allied to the insubstantial, wait upon that master feeling; cold, numbness, dreams, perplexity; moonlight itself, with its shadowy and spectral appearances,--that cold ghost of the sun, or Phoebus sickly sister, like that innutritious one denounced in the Canticles:--I am none of her minions--I hold with the Persian. 12  Whatsoever thwarts, or puts me out of my way, brings death into my mind. All partial evils, like humours, run into that capital plague-sore. I have heard some profess an indifference to life. Such hail the end of their existence as a port of refuge; and speak of the grave as of some soft arms, in which they may slumber as on a pillow. Some have wooed death--but out upon thee, I say, thou foul, ugly phantom! I detest, abhor, execrate, and (with Friar John) give thee to six-score thousand devils, as in no instance to be excused or tolerated, but shunned as a universal viper; to be branded, proscribed, and spoken evil of! In no way can I be brought to digest thee, thou thin, melancholy  Privation, or more frightful and confounding  Positive! 13  Those antidotes, prescribed against the fear of thee, are altogether frigid and insulting, like thyself. For what satisfaction hath a man, that he shall lie down with kings and emperors in death, who in his  life-time  never greatly coveted  the society of such bed-fellows?--or, forsooth, that so shall the fairest face appear?--why, to comfort me, must Alice W----n be a goblin? More than all, I conceive disgust at those impertinent and misbecoming familiarities, inscribed upon your ordinary tombstones. Every dead man must take upon himself to be lecturing me with his odious truism, that such as he now is, I must shortly be. Not so shortly, friend, perhaps, as thou imaginest. In the meantime I am alive. I move about. I am worth twenty of thee. Know thy betters! Thy New Years Days are past. I survive, a jolly candidate for 1821. Another cup of wine--and while that turn-coat bell, that just now mournfully chanted the obsequies of 1820 departed, with changed notes lustily rin gs in a successor, let us attune to its peal the song made on a like occasion, by hearty, cheerful Mr. Cotton.-- THE NEW YEARHark, the cock crows, and yon bright starTells us, the day himselfs not far;And see where, breaking from the night,He gilds the western hills with light.With him old Janus doth appear,Peeping into the future year,With such a look as seems to say,The prospect is not good that way.Thus do we rise ill sights to see,And gainst ourselves to prophesy;When the prophetic fear of thingsA more tormenting mischief brings,More full of soul-tormenting gall,Than direst mischiefs can befall.But stay! but stay! methinks my sight,Better informd by clearer light,Discerns sereneness in that brow,That all contracted seemd but now.His reversd face may show distaste,And frown upon the ills are past;But that which this way looks is clear,And smiles upon the New-born Year.He looks too from a place so high,The Year lies open to his eye;And all the moments open areTo the exact discoverer.Yet more and more he smiles uponThe happy revolution.Why should we then suspect or fearThe influences of a year ,So smiles upon us the first morn,And speaks us good so soon as born?Plague ont! the last was ill enough,This cannot but make better proof;Or, at the worst, as we brushd throughThe last, why so we may this too;And then the next in reason shoudBe superexcellently good:For the worst ills (we daily see)Have no more perpetuity,Than the best fortunes that do fall;Which also bring us wherewithalLonger their being to support,Than those do of the other sort:And who has one good year in three,And yet repines at destiny,Appears ungrateful in the case,And merits not the good he has.Then let us welcome the New GuestWith lusty brimmers of the best;Mirth always should Good Fortune meet,And renders een Disaster sweet:And though the Princess turn her back,Let us but line ourselves with sack,We better shall by far hold out,Till the next Year she face about. 14  How say you, reader--do not these verses smack of the rough magnanimity of the old English  vein? Do they not fortify like a cordial; enlarging the heart, and productive of sweet blood, and generous spirits, in the concoction? Where be those puling fears of death, just now expressed or affected? Passed like a cloud--absorbed in the purging sunlight of clear poetry--clean washed away by a wave of genuine Helicon, your only Spa for these hypochondries--And now another cup of the generous! and a merry New Year, and many of them, to you all, my masters! New Years Eve, by Charles Lamb, was first published in the January 1821 issue of  The London Magazine  and was included in  Essays of Elia, 1823 (reprinted by Pomona Press in 2006).

The Social Construction Of Hegemonic Masculinity And...

Our society is deeply rooted in a culture that allows violence to be a solution to problems. Violence against women is one of the most prevalent forms of violence within our society. Our legal system ensures that the law is there to protect the people and to reinforce order and equality. Domestic violence, sexual assaults, rapes, abuse of all shape and forms are so common but yet only a few cases make it into court. How can we as a society evolve and progress when more than half of us are faced with such injustices? This essay will focus on how the social construction of hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity establishes rape myths and stereotypes within the society that are aimed to hurt women. I will also focus on how these concepts are integrated within the legal sphere making the law partial and unfair. I will talk about the well-known Ewanchuk case that highlights many rape myths and how its connected to the relationship between violence and masculinity and the way w oman are expected to conform to a societal norm. R. v. Ewanchuk (1999) is an important case which provided insight on how rape myths and stereotypes that are reflective of the society were integrated into the legal sphere. This case involved a 17 year old girl that was interviewed by the accused in his van. The accused proceeded to numerous sexual advances of which in each advance, the complainant repeatedly said ‘no’. When the case was presented in the Court of Appeal of Alberta, Judge JohnShow MoreRelatedThe Representation Of Gender Masculinity1729 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough hegemonic constructions formed through colonisation. Due to being constructed by this dominant ideology, which in terms of a New Zealand context is Pakeha and male (Hegemony), the construction of masculinity appears natural. 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SCRUM Project Management Methodology †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: What is SCRUM? Answer: Introduction SCRUM is the framework of management that is used for incremental development of product using cross-functional one or more, teams that are self-organizing for approximately seven people. It gives the structure for the artifacts, rules, meetings and roles. Teams are accountable for adapting and creating the procedures within the defined framework. Sprints are used by SCRUM that is iterations of fixed-length. They are generally 1-2 weeks long only. Research importance Limiting risks and moving toward tasks in an organized way, become CSR (critical success factors). By utilizing a methodology that is proper, the venture supervisors increment the likelihood to convey what the customer needs, while obliging the restrictions based on budget and time. In this manner, inquire about in Project Management of Information Technology turns out to be progressively critical, any logical work in this field having the capacity to fundamentally enhance the adequacy and proficiency of the associations of particular field, with respect to three essential limitations: scope, financial and time. (Aberdeen, 2005) Variables of SCRUM The SCRUM releases are planned for considering the below variables: Resources what financial and human available resources Vision in this phase what modifications are required for realizing the desired system Quality what quality is required Competition what are competitions predictable actions and what is required for preventing them efficiently Pressure of time for obtaining the competitive benefits what timeframe is required User requests for the present system what improvements are required (Boehm, 2006) The initial plans are formed by the above variables for improvement of Information system. Moreover, the above variables can get altered at any phase of the project, and successful development methodology required for considering these variables, along with the nature that is dynamic. Features of SCRUM Methodology The first and the last stage (arranging and shutting) comprise of characterized procedures, where every one of the data sources, yields and procedures are very much organized. The SPRINT stage is an exact procedure. A significant number of the procedures in the SPRINT stage are non-identifiable or difficult to control; as an outcome, the SPRINT stage is dealt with as a discovery which does not require outside control. The deliverable can be changed at any time amid Planning and SPRINT stages. Consequently, the venture stays versatile to the unpredictability of the earth, including the aggressive weight, time weight, quality or budgetary weights amid these stages. SPRINT is an arrangement of improvement exercises which are embraced amid a pre-decided time allotment, for the most part from one to four weeks. (Booch, 2005) The interim relies on upon the multifaceted nature of the item, on the hazard appraisals and on the required level of abilities and skill. The speed and the force of a SPRINT are controlled by its concurred span. Stages and characteristics of SPRINT Development Defining the modifications that are required for executing the requests from documenting the modifications, testing and deployment, developing, designing, field analyzing, packages opening and packages journal. Packaging packages closing, building executable versions of modifications and way when they fulfill requests from journals. Reviewing to journals add new entries, solve problems and raise, evolution evaluation and present evolution to meet Adjusting Information got consolidated that are discussed in meetings of review. (Charette, 2005) Characteristics The entire group alongside the administration is available and takes an interest. The audit may incorporate the customers, the business group, the showcasing group, and others The audit covers the useful, executable frameworks, which consolidate the items related to the individual group, and incorporates the progressions made to execute the diary passages. The path in which the diary sections are executed can be changed amid these corrections The snapshot of the following modification is dictated by the many-sided quality and the enlisted advance. The SPRINTS for the most part have a term of 30 days Working of SCRUM Structure framework The below structure of SCRUM framework includes artifacts, rules, meetings and roles. Artifacts It represent work which goes into executing the particular sprint of project and give transparency into details of the project. Below are some of the sprint artifacts and the components contained: Burndown Chart/ Product release: The flat hub of the outline demonstrates the sprints and the vertical hub demonstrates the measure of work staying toward beginning of each of the sprint. (Charles, 2015) Sprint burndown chart: The burndown graph can go up or down in light of revelations the group makes about finishing an errand. This is not planned to be a cover group advance, yet an approach to decide how to defeat hindrances and meet responsibilities. Sprint task: What to convey the item of Product Backlog. Product backlog: Everything, both specialized and client driven, that must be finished inside a venture. Sprint backlog: The arrangement of all errands to be finished inside a sprint emphasis. These are taken from the Product Backlog amid the Planning Meeting of the Sprint. Product backlog item: A thing from Product Backlog that will get finished inside a sprint emphasis. It is normally separated into a couple of littler errands. Rules Most of the part of Artifacts, Meetings and Roles are under SCRUM rules. Below are few rules that applied to make SCRUM work effectively: The team of the SCRUM includes of Development team, Master of SCRUM and Product owner. All the sprints if similar length One sprint completes then beginning of the next sprint starts Each Sprint starts with Planning Meetings of Sprint the development team and Master of SCRUM meeting daily The Sprint Review Meeting uses in each Sprint to provide stakeholder for giving the feedback Meetings Below are the four of the types of meetings of the Scrum: Sprint Retrospective is an after death to examine how the group did amid the sprint and how it can enhance its execution later on. Sprint Review is an exhibit of the working item created amid the sprint. This meeting happens toward the finish of the sprint and is fundamentally used to give partners an itemized take a gander at what was expert. Daily Meeting of Scrum that happens day by day amid a sprint. They are brief and are expected to arrange the advancement group's movement for the day. This is the place for talking about impediments experienced or disarray over a client story. (Cho, 2009) Sprint Planning - meeting is gone to by everybody on the Scrum group. The Product is displayed at this meeting and everybody's worries and interests ought to be voiced here. This is the place needs are exhibited and time appraisals are made. Roles There are three roles which SCRUM consists of: Scrum Master encourages the work of the Scrum group. The Scrum Master works with development team and the Owner of the Product to evacuate snags and to counteract diversions. All correspondence to the advancement group by non-colleagues is separated through Scrum Master. Development Team plays out the greater part of the specialized improvement undertakings. The group is cross-utilitarian and in charge of the examination, plan, composing of code, testing, specialized correspondence, and so forth, in light of the client stories and client story need. Product Owner is champion who has the careful comprehension of the item's business esteem. They impart the client/partner needs to the improvement group, yet they are not in charge of the specialized side of advancement. The Product Owner likewise composes the client stories and organizes them. (Control, 2007) Strengths of SCRUM The traditional methodology of development designed in such a way that they answer only the unpredictable that are coming from the development and internal environment and at the starting of the cycle of the improvement. This philosophy, then again, is intended to be adaptable up and down the venture life. It gives control instruments to arranging a discharge and after that for dealing with the venture's factors as it advances. This enables associations to alter the venture and its expectations whenever, conveying along these lines the most suitable discharge. The SCRUM technique liberates the designers, so that these can concentrate on creating imaginative arrangements amid the venture, when the expectation to absorb information and changes in the earth are as of now thought about. (Jones, 2005) In SCRUM team size At the point when SCRUM is the system utilized as a part of the improvement procedure, one of the primary viewpoints which should be chosen is the span of the advancement group. Suggested size of the team of the development when utilizing SCRUM is from one to 10 people, and this is critical that measure of group does not surpass this number. This is especially important in light of the fact that little groups tend to work freer and more productive than the groups required in vast tasks (Rising, 2000). In littler activities, correspondence is normally simpler; those included being more in the know regarding the venture's advancement. Additionally, sorting out gatherings with the customer is less demanding, and the productivity of those gatherings is expanded, on the grounds that having few individuals in the venture group, each can cooperate with the customer, rather than the circumstances in which the quantity of individuals in the venture group is extensive, and they basically can't interface with the customer amid the gatherings. At the point when the venture group is too huge (bigger than 10 people) the challenges in conveying and actualizing changes are expanding, and at times these can defeat the advantages of utilizing the SCRUM philosophy (Nichols, 2003). The inconvenience which can happen by utilizing SCRUM is given by the accompanying circumstance: here and there, keeping in mind the end goal to diminish the extent of the venture group, the venture is part on discrete segments, each of those being a SCRUM extends (Mountain, 2007). The coordination endeavors for this situation are huge, and furthermore the correspondence challenges between the chiefs included. Another potential issue which can happen when utilizing SCRUM is, notwithstanding, because of the absence of specialization between the colleagues. It is normally watched that a software engineer typically composes preferred code over an answer planner or an originator, and the other way around, an answer designer will dependably have a more extensive perspective over the framework than a developer. The possibility of a solid inclusion is basically a decent one, however, and the modest number of individuals in the SCRUM group completely adds to this. (Leybourn, 2013) SCRUM daily Meetings The three major questions that will get addressed to team at the starting of daily SCRUM meetings and they are: What are the obstacles that the team is going to anticipate? What are the tasks that team is going to perform today? What are the tasks that members of the team did yesterday? The most essential parts of advancement will be secured every day. At the point when these day by day meeting exists, the group grow exceptionally well from the outlook of human and expert connections, and the association in the venture is developing. Additionally, the colleagues will see the improvement of their partners, and will be more inspired to include increasingly and to improve their piece of work for the venture. There is however a plausibility that the colleagues who over and over neglect to satisfy their every day destinations to wind up plainly less inspired, or to be presented to a more elevated amount of worry than whatever is left of the group. (Morris, 2017) At the point when there are day by day gatherings, the perceivability over the advance of the venture is profoundly made strides. Nonetheless, it is essential that the gatherings' length to be kept up at the very least, so that no time is squandered. The writing regarding the matter (Mountain, 2007) suggests that the gatherings don't surpass 15 minutes. On the off chance that the gatherings last excessively, the inclination of the colleagues is to end up un-intrigued, which can just harm the venture as opposed to supporting it. Another positive truth identified with the day by day gatherings is the way that the undertakings which will be done amid a day are known by all the colleagues, and the individuals who should convey their commitment to the particular assignments are cautioned since the start of day. Advantages of SCRUM Methodology Immediate returns - Rather than conveying another element that will get the new clients twice every year, components can be conveyed all the more much of the time and extraordinary solicitations can be worked into the quickened conveyance plan and get out the entryway quick. Satisfaction of job - By conveying items quickly, the group gets that additional shock of fulfillment when an item is done and goes out the entryway. Each improvement group knows how great it feels to discharge an item twice per year, yet with Scrum the group can feel that same fulfillment by discharging an item twelve times each year. (Pittman, 2003) Development lower cost Engineers wears many caps, and can be more adaptable on the grounds that littler units can be viably tried by the general population who fabricated them. Specific parts are killed or lessened, eventually making a cost reserve funds Customers responsiveness - Programming advancement associations are very acquainted with the client request to "manufacture it yesterday." In a conventional, waterfall improvement association, you might fabricate a huge component or capacity into a twice-a-year discharge plan, and might lose clients all the while. (Russ, 2016) SCRUM Weakness One of the potential shortcomings of SCRUM, highlighted in writing (Highsmith, 2001) is the way that, when the venture is created for an outer customer, this must be included a great deal in the venture. The customer must be capable and accessible to test the month to month (or periodical) discharges or expectations, and to recommend new or changed functionalities. In the ventures utilizing SCRUM, the vision of the customer exceptionally impacts advancement. (Highsmith, 2001) demonstrates that if the customer does not have a reasonable feeling of the item's course, the individuals from the advancement group will have a tendency to carry on similarly, and the last item can be altogether unique to what is normal. Accordingly, one of the fundamental shortcomings of SCRUM is absolutely one of its qualities: customer contribution in the advancement procedure. Another potential shortcoming of SCRUM is given by the generally long stretch in which the customer (interior or outer) can't mediate in the venture. Despite the fact that on a fundamental level this is leeway, there are circumstances in programming improvement when the customer's intercession must be done inside a SPRINT; if the strategy can't oblige these mediations, the hazard over the venture is huge. (Schwaber, 2006) Limitations of SCRUM Scrum was created to empower exceedingly community oriented work. As a result, situations that block cooperation are not perfect for the Scrum technique. For instance, if groups are found everywhere throughout the world, the day by day meeting may not be sensible for some colleagues. At the point when a fundamental component of Scrum, for example, the every day meeting, turns into an inconvenience instead of a facilitator, that is an indication that Scrum may not be effective. (Takeuchi, 2006) Another restriction is that the group must be flexible and deft. In a perfect world, any improvement colleague can venture into whatever other colleague's shoes to satisfy an errand. This is another reason having all colleagues team up at the every day meeting will prompt achievement. (Voas, 2002) Conclusion SCRUM speaks to a product advancement system, in view of the iterative philosophies, some portion of the AGILE class. SCRUM is understand by its capacity to oblige visit changes (mechanical and from the prerequisites angle) which happen in the product improvement ventures, and furthermore by offering the likelihood to rapidly get brings about undertakings. Its principle highlight is adaptability, and in a similar time it offers instruments of controlling and enhancing the venture's execution. Additionally, the SCRUM strategy, in the present setting of the information based society, adds to keeping implicit learning inside the associations. The system is extremely well fit for undertakings with little improvement groups (under 10 engineers, however 4-5 designers is prescribed). It is best that this approach to be utilized for undertakings with inward customer, or with exceedingly accessible outside customer; the accessibility of the customer straightforwardly impacts the accomplishment of the venture. The strategy is utilized increasingly in programming improvement organizations; as of late it extensive programming suppliers, (for example, Microsoft) begun to bolster it, which demonstrates the expanding significance and additionally the acknowledgment of this present technique's favorable circumstances. Reference Aberdeen G. (2005) Upgrading to ISV Metholdogy for Enterprise Application Development. Product Viewpoint, 8-17. Boehm, B. (2006). Anchoring the Software Process, IEEE Software, 73-82 Booch, G. (2005). Object Solutions: Managing the Object-Oriented Project. Addison-Wesley Charette, R. N. (2005), Why Software Fails. Preluat pe, 2007, de pe IEEE Spectrum: https://www.spectrum.ieee.org/sep05/1685 Charles G. C. (2015),The Project Manager's Guide to Mastering Agile: Principles and Practices for an Adaptive Approach, John Wiley Sons, p.378 Cho, L (2009). "Adopting an Agile Culture A User Experience Team's Journey".Agile Conference: 416 Control C. (2007), SCRUM Principle, Preluat pe, 2007, de pe Control Chaos: https://www.controlchaos.com/old-site/Case6.htm Highsmith, J., Cockburn, A. (2001), The Business of Innovation, IEEE Computer, 120-122. Jones, C. (2005), Patterns of large software systems: failure and success. Computer, pg. 86-87. Leybourn, E. (2013)Directing the Agile Organisation: A Lean Approach to Business Management, London: IT Governance Publishing: 117120. Morris, D. (2017)Scrum in easy steps.In Easy Steps, pp.178179 Mountain G. (2007) The SCRUM Team, Preluat pe, 2007, Mountain Goat Software: https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/SCRUM/SCRUMte Nichols, D. M., Twidale, M. B. (2003) The Usability of Open-Source Software. First Monday, 1 (8) Pittman, M. (2003), Lessons Learned in Managing Obiect-Oriented Development. IEEE Software, 45-53. Rising, L., Janoff, N. S. (2000) The SCRUM software development process for small teams, IEEE Software, 26-32 Russ J. M.; Dragan Z. M. (2016)Project Management ToolBox: Tools and Techniques for the Practicing Project Manager, Wiley, p.304 Schwaber, K. (2006) SCRUM Development Process. Object Technology: https://jeffsutherland.com/oopsla/schwapub.pdf Takeuchi, H., Nonaka, I. (2006) The New Product Development Game, Harvard Business Review Voas, J. M., Whittaker, J. A. (2002) 50 years of software: key principles for quality, IT Professional, 28-35. Answer: Reference

Good Enough free essay sample

We all search for acceptance. Whether it be social acceptance, acceptance from our parents, or even self acceptance, we all want it. And we all deserve it. But I think we all have felt like we dont really fit in or weve been taken for granted at one point or another. Even if we try to hide it to make ourselves look better, that longing to be noticed and to be appreciated will always be there. But what is acceptance? What is that feeling that we all are looking for? Is acceptance really just to be noticed or to be thanked for our efforts? Or is it more than that? I think acceptance is a more selfish concept that isnt measured by how many people like you or how many times we are thanked; but as self recognition, acknowledgments of our achievements and the challenges we overcame to achieve them. We will write a custom essay sample on Good Enough or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Acceptance is recognizing self worth and building self esteem. Most people think acceptance involves other people to accept us, but we look to them to accept us because we dont accept ourselves. With that said, you could probably guess that Im very interested in psychology and have decided to declare that as my major at your institution. I have known that psychology was what I wanted to pursue since the seventh grade. At the age of twelve years old, I was the product of abuse; verbal, mental and physical. I was also the product of a single mother who did her best to raise me on her own. Im not a stranger to neglect. My father was absent in my life as a young child, and still is. I am a product of divorce and as a result, succumbed to depression. But that is all in my past. My past has definitely influenced me, but it will not control me. Rather, it has given me a mold to break. An example to live by or avoid. A way of life to distance from, or to embrace. My dark past has paved a dark road which I will not travel by. Through all of my experiences, I have made it out alive. I have survived the most difficult times of my life and it has made me a better person, a stronger one . I have overcome my depression and learned to deal with my past; and this is what made me appreciate psychology. The help that was given to me in my time of need, is what I want to give to others suffering from experiences like my own. Getting the help I needed opened my eyes to the opportunities to help others just like myself, when help seems so out of reach. I want to be able to use those negative experiences as a way to help other people put their life back together and feel good enough. Good enough to keep moving forward when the going gets tough, good enough to live their life and take advantage of all it has to offer, good enough to love again; others and themselves, good enough to not have to look to others for acceptance anymore. Good enough to accept their past and themselves, because they are good enough.

How To Write An Analytical Essay

How To Write An Analytical Essay: Hints To Create Perfect Essay Do you like to argue? If so, an analytical essay may come naturally to you but for most college students, this essay can be quite difficult. As a student, you have to write essays on several topics and an analytical essay is a common assignment where you need to find a point and argue a case for it. While it can be one of the more interesting assignments, how to write an analytical essay is not so easy. This task takes a lot of time and effort and the structure and how you formulate your arguments takes a lot of skill. The fact is, while you may be passionate about a topic, many students don’t know how to start writing an analytical essay correctly and writing an assignment according to your professors demands is another task altogether. But you are in luck, we’ve assembled an exhaustive guide that will set you on your way to writing an analytical essay that is sure to impress your instructor. Preparing For Writing An Analysis Essay Preparation is the key ingredient for drafting a qualitative essay. We’ll delve into strategies on brainstorming a topic, effective tips on drafting your essay outline, developing a strong thesis statement, and choosing an effective topic. With these strategies, the complexities behind how to write an analysis essay will vanish and you’ll be sure to write your assignment with confidence and get a high grade. What Is An Analytical Essay? So before we begin, lets address what an analytical essay is. An analytical essay is when you address a fact, concept, or event and create an argument for or against the reasons behind it. Examples could include why a filmmaker used a certain camera technique, why an author depicted a character in a certain way, or why a social policy was implemented and to what aim it had intended. If you’re having trouble putting together an analytical essay you can always ask us do my essay and we can deliver your paper in as little as three hours. Choose One Of Good Analysis Essay Topics When choosing a topic for an analytical essay, the first rule is to be interesting. Professors read essay’s all day long and if you want to get a high grade, pick a topic that is creative. However, don’t go overboard, stick to a concept that you had studied in your course, but do give your instructor something to read and think about – s/he will appreciate it. The second rule is to start asking yourself â€Å"why† in every detail of the subject, this will generate a list of ideas for you to write about. Brainstorming To Discover The Topic Of Analytical Essay Brainstorming is critical for your analytical essay. As you are running down the list of â€Å"whys† on your topic, start your analysis essay topics by writing them down. Start drawing connections between certain events and how everything panned out. This strategy will give your essay a much larger scope for you to develop. Once you have an extensive list of potential topics, find a topic that has a general theme with lots of supporting elements. Use the inverted pyramid method where you take one larger idea and drill down to smaller details, this will support developing a strong structure to your essay. Create Analytical Thesis Statement Once you’ve decided on a topic that has enough supporting details for a compelling argument, draft your analytical thesis statement. The thesis statement will help readers understand what your paper is about and the case you are going to make in the body of your essay. For an analytical essay, draft a thesis statement that speaks confidently about the argument you are about to make and pulls the readers curiosity as to why you are making your claim. Write Analysis Essay Outline With your thesis statement, you are now ready to draft your outline. Again refer to the inverted pyramid strategy of drafting an effective analytical essay template. Start with your introduction to hook the reader and make your thesis statement then transition to the main part of your essay. From the start of the body make your strongest claim with supporting details and then follow with your weakest claim and finish up the body with another strong claim. Doing so will give your essay a nice rhythm to keep the readers interest high. If you elect to order essay from us we can take care of all this for you. With that complete, you are ready for your conclusion to restate your thesis and summarize your main points. The goal is to start with a flash and end with a bang. Writing An Analytical Essay The right analytical essay structure is the recipe for success and getting a high grade on your analytical essay. This type of essay much more difficult than a standard 5 paragraph essay. You will not have as much freedom and will have to follow a much more rigid structure. Think of the essay as a single unit to express a common argument. You’ll need to clearly state your arguments in a logical format will persuade your reader, and more importantly your professors. When writing your essay, be sure to set a time and place where you can work without distractions. Use your outline and go down the list including all the details. Many students struggle with this essay and hire an analytical essay writing service. Analytical Essay Introduction Your introduction serves as a guide to engage the reader on your topic and inform what is to follow. You may find it easier to write your analytical essay introduction after completing the body of your essay. You’ll have a concrete idea of what is to follow and will be able to start your introduction start with a hook to get the reader interested. You may accomplish this by asking a question or posting a thought-provoking quote. Also, move into your thesis statement and exit with a transition to the main body. Body Paragraphs Of Analytical Essay Many types of essay have different formats but when writing an analytical essay, it is always a good idea to start off with your strongest point first. Think of it as a step-by-step process where you keep the reader engaged to follow through with the rest of your essay. Next, follow up with supporting paragraphs going into finer details until you completely make your case. Be sure to include evidence with any claims that you make, reference other materials that support the topic of your essay to give credibility to your arguments. Also mix up the strength of your points, doing so will ensure your essay doesn’t get too drawn out and boring. Conclusion Of Analysis Essay The conclusion of your analysis essay is important because it is what is most remembered. Concluding your essay should leave the reader with a lasting impression and persuaded to agree with your argument. Restate your thesis statement to remind point you were addressing and then summarize your arguments picking out the most pertinent details. Formulate an ending that reinforces the argument of your thesis statement A successful conclusion will give the reader something to walk away with to remember. Edit And Proofread Your Analytical Essay The most important part of the writing process is to proofread and edit when writing an analysis essay. Even professional writers proofread their own work or have another set of eyes look at it. You don’t want to hand in sloppy work that will needlessly be docked points. When editing your essay review the flow of your essay and make sure you’ve answered any open questions. Also, make sure you’ve made your points in a clear manner and your arguments are bulletproof. Writing an analytical essay is a challenging assignment but with the right preparation and a thorough analysis essay outline you can succeed in creating the proper structure to create a good paper. If you struggle with writing or lack the time or motivation, professional writers at are available to get your tasks done on time. offers 24/7 service and custom papers written from scratch. If you’re ready to buy custom essay reach out to the pros and get guaranteed results.

The Red Pony essays

The Red Pony essays The Red Pony by John Steinbeck is a book filled with archetypes and lessons. They can help readers identify hidden truths in books and sometimes even end up teaching them lessons. John Steinbeck uses archetypes skillfully to parallel the everyday lives of people. The Red Pony is filled with complex archetypes and symbolic events which are experienced by Jody, the main character of the book. He is a ten year old boy living on a ranch with his parents and a farmhand named Billy Buck. The archetypal patterns that his life goes through range from the number 2 to the life cycle to the loss of innocence. The Red Pony itself is divided into four very different books, each of which are surprisingly independent of each other. The character of Jody, in The Red Pony, experiences a separate event in each books that results in a loss of innocence, and in turn gains knowledge and matures over time. Jody experiences two losses of innocence in the first book of the Red Pony when he learns of human imperfection and when he is personally affected by death for the first time. At the beginning, Jody receives a red pony from his father, Carl, and cares for it all summer with the help of Billy Buck. He reveres Billy because of his knowledge of caring for and training the pony and is ready to do whatever he says so that one day he may have his own horse to ride. Billy . . . told Jody a great many things about horses (14). For example, He explained that they were terribly afraid for their feet, so that one must make a practice of lifting the legs and patting the hoofs and ankles to remove their terror (14). This shows that Billy knows a lot about horses and therefore Jody is very willing to trust Billy, even with his ponys life. One day, deep in autumn, Jody has misgivings about possible rain and tells his feelings to Billy, who reassures him that it wont rain. Because of this reassurance, Jody leaves th...

Five Point Plan for Crime Reduction Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Five Point Plan for Crime Reduction - Term Paper Example Five Point Plan for Crime Reduction There is need to focus beyond individual intervention, enforcement and suppression. Most of these gangs are youth gangs. In order to respond well to the youth, strength-based approaches should be incorporated. There is a need to increase focus from criminal behaviors. This is just an indication or results of involvement in gangs. The problem of gang involvement should be clearly defined and its causes clearly understood. These causes should then be addressed as matters of priority.Therefore, there is need to reach to the roots of gang formation and involvement. There should be a shift from over-emphasizing reactive solutions like enforcement and suppression which only deals with those who have gotten the attention of the judicial system. Traditional methods of curbing crimes like enforcement and suppression are not sufficient in controlling the existing and emerging criminal activities. Further more, these approaches are harsh and create rebellion. They do not prevent crimes but deal with its aftermaths. Therefore there should be a shift from these traditional to strategic policies. Reduction of crimes should be a shared vision and responsibility. Necessary resources, knowledge and skills should be incorporated in order to see the success of this Five Point crime reduction plan. There should be adequate and continuous support for local communities. The public should be informed and engaged. Their support and co-operation is also very necessary because they are the main victims of such criminal activities.

A Public Relations Plan of Blackberry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

A Public Relations Plan of Blackberry - Essay Example Moreover, the ailing complementary PlayBook tablet. But one of BlackBerrys major strengths has all the time been information security. As written by enterprise mobile security expert Lisa Phifer, the BlackBerry OS includes a thorough collection of original security capabilities, for instance strong support for password security, AES encryption of data embedded on the device, automatic remote wiping and integrated data transport safeguard, all easily managed through flexible policies via BlackBerry Enterprise Server. At the moment, consumerization of IT has worn out what once was the BlackBerrys point of strength in enterprise (Pople & Turnbull, 2012). BlackBerry security has assumed a backseat to competitor`s flash and functionality, as most users are more concerned with introducing sexy back to devices in their pockets and also needing a solo device for both personal and business use (Tench & Yeomans, 2009). Most enterprise security teams, a few pressured by their executives, have tacitly permitted these mobile devices into their networks, opting to look the other way instead of identifying and addressing security problems these hugely unchecked devices present (Du, 2000). Now the security worry on consumer-centric mobile devices has become impossible for Blackberry to ignore and this is what warrants the establishment of public relation plan. Blackberry considers its target market to be people who are hyper-socially connected as well as true multi-taskers who require getting staffs done. In simple terms, Blackberry believes this is approximately a third of the entire available market globally. The company believes this target audience needs both a professional and Personal balance with simplicity. I’d also bet most of the users need this. For the past two months, close to 50 million new Android and iOS users have registered to exploit the company`s messaging service, BBM. So as to reach out

Cultural competency in nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cultural competency in nursing - Assignment Example Such ensures that nurses can listen to patients effectively in order to learn about their illness and health status. This demands that nurses acquire the knowledge, which makes them learn about the culture of other groups in terms of shared values and traditions. Hence, individuals are able to understand the ethnicity of other persons and their cultural beliefs. Attitude is an integral value for the caregivers in different cultural settings. This is because attitude influences the thinking and behavior that nurses may develop with respect to cultural practices of individuals in different health care environments. Finally, skills aid nurses to have the best cultural competency level. This is in terms of communications and comprehending the means of providing effective patient care and planning for the same. Hence, nurses are able to establish a neutral environment for delivering quality care to the patients in an effective

Thw Pathophysiology Of Diabetes Health And Social Care Essay

Thw Pathophysiology Of Diabetes Health And Social Care Essay Millions of people around the world suffer from Diabetes Mellitus. It is a chronic disease in which the body cannot produce enough insulin or the body is resistant or abnormally responds to the insulin being produced. The result of these complications involve the individual becoming hyperglycemic, meaning the sugar in their blood is elevated, which can secondarily lead to more serious health problems. There are different types of Diabetes Mellitus and they include; Type 1-Also known as Insulin Dependent Diabetes and it is suggested that it is an autoimmune disorder. It most commonly affects children and adults (20-40 years old). It also most commonly affects non-hispanic whites, African Americans and Hispanic Americans. The pathophysiology of this type of Diabetes is defined as the pancreas not being able to produce enough insulin that is required for normal body processes. The individuals immune system secretes substances that attack the beta cells of the pancreas, also known as the islets of Langerhans, resulting in little or no insulin being produced. Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes can expect symptoms of polyuria (increased urine), Polydipsia (increased thirst), Polyphagia (increased hunger or eating) weight loss, nausea, blurred vision, fatigue and weakness, muscle cramps, gastrointestinal symptoms and peripheral neuropathy (numbing and tingling in both hands and feet). The second type of Diabetes is Type 2 Diabetes, also known as non-insulin dependent Diabetes or adult onset diabetes. 90-95% of Diabetics have this type of diabetes, 20% of that number coming from the population over 65 years of age. 55% of individuals are obese. The pathophysiology of this type of Diabetes is simply defined as being insulin resistant. Insulin is needed to move blood sugar into the cells where it can be stored for later use. Having type 2 Diabetes makes the fat, muscle cells and liver resistant to insulin, resulting in blood sugar not getting into the cells to be stored fo r energy. This results in the blood glucose level becoming elevated which triggers the pancreas to produce more and more insulin but not enough for the bodys demand. Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes can expect symptoms such as; Blurred vision, fatigue, frequent or slow-healing infections, increased appetite, increased thirst, increased urination and erectile dysfunction. The third type of Diabetes is Gestational Diabetes. This type of Diabetes is only diagnosed during pregnancy. The pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes is defined as being the body not being able to make or use all of the insulin it needs for pregnancy. It is said that the hormones released from the placenta, block the action of the mothers insulin, resulting in elevated blood sugar. This can be extremely dangerous for mother and baby. The extra blood glucose goes through the placenta, giving the baby high blood glucose levels resulting in the babys pancreas to make extra insulin to get rid of the excess blood glu cose received from the mother. This extra energy will result in being stored as fat, which can lead to macrosomia, or fat baby. The baby can also have low blood glucose levels at birth, which will in turn give them breathing problems. These babies also have a high risk for obesity. Women with gestational diabetes have very few symptoms, but those documented include; excessive weight gain, excessive hunger or thirst, excessive urination or recurrent vaginal infections. The exact causes of Diabetes is still unknown to medical scientists but what is known is that certain factors also known as risk factors may contribute to the disease. These risk factors vary with what type of Diabetes the individual has but some of them coincide with each other. Type 1 Diabetes is is considered an autoimmune disease, which is the cause of 0.3% of type 1 cases. Other risks factors include the individual being genetically susceptible to the disease, having a poor diet or being malnourished, and the environment in which the individual lives that may give off a virus that affects the pancreas. With Type 2 Diabetes, genetics also play a big role as with Type 1 Diabetes. The offspring is more likely to develop Diabetes if the mother had diabetes, and 2 to 3% of offspring will develop diabetes from their father is diabetic. If both parents are diabetics, the risk is much greater. Other risk factors include, age-80% of all cases occur after the age of 50, poor diet, as with type 1, obesity and fat distribution-having excess body fat over 30% will result in increased insulin resistance, sedentary lifestyle, stress, certain drugs-clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine and ziprasidone, infection-such as strephylococci, sex-more common in women especially those with a history of multiple pregnancies and those suffering from Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Hypertension, and high triglycerides and cholesterol levels-which lead to high blood sugars. There are many consequences for the individual that poorly controls their Diabetes and these consequences are generally the same for both types of Diabetes. Individuals that have had Diabetes for 10 to 15 years are at risk for eye problems such as Retinopathy-which is damage to the small blood vessels and nerve endings that are responsible for vision. Large blood glucose levels can also cause blurred vision, and difficulty in focusing. Cataracts are also more likely to occur in elderly person with Diabetes. Other consequences include kidney problems known as Nephropathy. The kidney filters waste products from our bodies and expels this waste into the urine. If blood sugar is elevated, increased glucose is filtering through the kidneys, which will in time, cause kidney damage which will require dialysis or kidney transplantation. Screening for this complication is recommended 2 years after diagnosis of diabetes in adolescents and 5 years in individuals diagnosed with diabetes after pu berty. Nerve problems such as Neuropathy (nerve damage) are also cause for concern in those with Diabetes. Symptoms of this complication include; numbness or feelings of pins and needles in the extremities. It is not typically found in young people but can arise with poor control of Diabetes. If neuropathy is found in the early stages, it can be reversed with improved Diabetes control. Vascular Disease is another complication arising from poorly controlled Diabetes. This complication can be very serious because it can lead to heart attacks and strokes due to the narrowing or blockages of the large blood vessels. Those individuals with secondary diseases such as untreated high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels or those who smoke are at greater risk for this type of complication. Foot problems, due to decreased blood flow or nerve problems are also possible complications. Although children and adolescents generally do not get this complication, it is always advised that they protect their feet from injury. Plantar warts, calluses, corns and in grown toe nails will be slower to heal with the high sugar environment so proper care of these issues is important to prevent more further damage. Aside from complications that can arise from poorly controlled diabetes, there are other medical conditions that are at higher risk with the individual has diabetes and those include thyroid problems, such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, and coeliac disease-which is an autoimmune condition in which the body forms antibodies against the protein gluten, which can be found in rye, oats, barley and wheat. Many medications are used for the treatment of Diabetes I and II. Everyone with Type 1 Diabetes and some with Type 2 Diabetes must take Insulin to control their diabetes if diet and exercise is not effective. Insulin cannot be taken in a pill form because the stomach enzymes break it down, so most people inject it or use an insulin pump. The most commonly used form of insulin is the synthetic human insulin, which is chemically identical to human insulin. The only problem with this type of insulin is that it doesnt mimic the way natural insulin is secreted, but there are newer types of insulin called insulin analogs that more closely resembles the way natural insulin acts in the body. The medications used for the management of type 2 diabetes include; Sulfonylurea drugs-which stimulate the pancreas to produce and release more insulin, Meglitinides- which work like the Sulfonylureas, but the patient is less likely to develop low blood sugar and they work quickly and results fade rapidl y, Biguanides-which inhibits the production and release of glucose from the liver, which means you need less insulin to transport blood sugar into your cells, Alpha-Glucosidase inhibitors-which block the action of enzymes in your digestive tract that break down carbohydrates. This means blood is absorbed into your bloodstream more slowly, which helps prevent the rapid rise in blood sugar that usually occurs right after a meal. Thiazolidinediones- This drug makes your body tissues more sensitive to insulin and keep your liver from overproducing glucose. Drug Combinations- Which is a combination of these drugs which will control the individuals blood sugar in several different ways. Nutrition plays a big part of Diabetes and may even cure Type 2 diabetes. Any food you eat will raise your blood sugar with its highest peak 1 to 2 hours after you eat, and how much you eat, and the time of day can have an impact on how high it is. Many people think that is order to control diabetes, you have to follow the diabetes diet which includes boring and bland foods but that is only a myth. In order to control diabetes, fruits (because fruits contain sugar fructose, which does not need insulin for its metabolism and well tolerated for diabetics), vegetables (raw vegetables should be taken liberally because they stimulate and increase insulin production), whole grains, foods that are high in nutrition and low in fat and calories, fewer animal products (increases the toxemic condition underlying the diabetic state and reduce the sugar tolerance) and fewer sweets is what needs to be implemented. It is also important to eat 4 to 5 small meals a day instead of 3 to keep your blood sugar balanced so its not low at some points and sky rocketing others. It is also suggested that caffeine products such as coffee, cocoa, and tea be avoided because of their adverse influence on the digestive tract. Other foods that should be avoided are white flour products, sugar, tinned fruits, sweets, chocolates, pastries, pies, puddings, refined cereals and alcoholic drinks. Finally, the do-good foods that every diabetic should be eating include; celery, cucumbers, beans, onion, and garlic. Eating a nutritious diet is the first step in controlling your diabetes. Exercise is good for everyone but it is especially important for diabetics to partake in some form of exercise most days. Exercise improves your bodys use of insulin, burns excess body fat, helping to decrease and control weight-(improved insulin sensitivity), improves muscle strength, increases bone density and strength, lowers blood pressure lowers LDLs and increases HDLs, improves circulation, increases energy level and reduces stress. It is important to see a doctor before you start an exercise regimen but once an individual gets the free and clear, 30 minutes of aerobic exercise such as walking, hiking, jogging, biking, tennis, cross-country skiing and swimming or good choices. When exercising the body needs extra energy in the form of glucose for exercising the muscles so with exercise, the liver can release stored glucose, and the muscles can take up glucose at almost 20 times the normal rate, which lowers blood sugar levels. It is important for the individual to not overdo it though because strenuous exercise can actually have the opposite affect and increase blood sugar levels because the body recognizes intense exercise as stress and releases stress hormones that tell your body to increase available sugar to fuel your muscle. If this happens, insulin will be needed after the workout. As long as the individual follows a safe exercise routine, diabetes can be controlled and with along with a correct diet, may even be cured. A discharge teaching plan for diabetes mellitus includes; advising the patient on the importance of an individualized meal plan by reducing carbohydrates and stressing that fad diets are not recommended and can make the condition worse, discuss the goals of dietary therapy for the patient, and if the patient is obese, setting a goal of 10% of patients body weight over several months to reduce blood sugar. Explain the importance of exercise in maintaining and reducing body weight and lowering blood sugar, demonstrate and thoroughly explain the procedure for insulin self-injection and ask them to re-demonstrate it to you to show understanding and review dosage and time of injections in relation to meals, activity, and bedtime based on insulin regimen. Teach patient how important it is to test blood sugar before meals to avoid hypoglycemia and after meals to avoid hyperglycemia and teach them how to correctly monitor blood sugar and ask them to re-demonstrate it to you to insure accurac y. Explain the symptoms to look for when possible complications of the disease arise. Encourage patient to wear an identification bracelet in the case that the patient is unable to speak and needs medical treatment. Teach the family or caregiver the same information to ensure competency. Provide emotional support for the patient and the family. Diabetes is a rapidly growing disease that everyone needs to be aware so everyone can work together to bring it to an end. Although some cases will never be eliminated, education, diligence and hard work will reduce the amount of people that have it or are diagnosed with it and the complications will be decreased. Without that, the numbers will continue to increase.

The Sweat Lodge :: essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The sweat lodge is a key healing and spiritual practice of most, if not all, Native American cultures. A variant of the sweat lodge is seen in those cultures from the artic to South America. It can be seen as a form of water therapy as it uses extreme heat and water to produce its effects. Specifically I will explain my personal journey and experience as a participant of a Mohawk sweat lodge. Each tribe has its own unique way of performing the sweat even if they all share the same base upon which to personalise it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Mohawk sweat lodge that I attended on Thanksgiving last October is an experience I will not soon forget. It was an interesting blend of people coming together to share in a sacred experience for the spiritual healing of a friend. My friend is Mohawk and he gathered his five closest friends to join him; all of us Caucasians, the shaman/medicine man, the shaman’s wife (a medicine woman in here own right), the fire keeper and the woman in Hudson who graciously allowed us to use her land for this occasion. Names have purposely been omitted for the sake of anonymity as the type of sweat was one of personal healing and not a general sweat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The figures in the sweat are the shaman who directs and explains the procedure of the sweat and conducts it. The next figure is the fire keeper who tends the fire on which the stones for the sweat are heated and transfers them with the help of a pitchfork which he hands to the person closest to the entrance of the lodge as he does not enter the lodge. The final figure is the person being healed, in this case my friend.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As this sweat was a personal healing we all had to be intimately involved in the preparations, we did not have to build the lodge only cover it with skins and tarps. The frame of the lodge had been built for a previous sweat. Before we could cover the lodge we had to lay down cedar on the floor of the lodge in an intricate manner based on the traditional beliefs of the Mohawk. This task is normally done by the women and those men who are attuned with their feminine energy, as such I was asked to join in this task. Laying down the cedar branches that have been cut into small pieces was a very calming exercise; it also provided me with a chance to learn about some herbal lore from the other women.

A business proposal on direct marketing in social media Essay

This paper is a research proposal about direct marketing in the social media. With the involvement with the error of computers, ways of managing marketing have been increased. Each technique comes with its major benefits and constraints. This research proposal targets on evaluating the usefulness of social media in direct marketing. The development of social media as a direct channel is not without its challenges. According to the study, the top two constraints for marketers came down to looking for the most relevant tactics for gauging success and launching business objectives. Being able to measure success is important for any direct marketing work, and that is why it is significant not to disregard this vital step. With the correct trappings, marketers can produce viral social media operations that can be track, restrained, and improved to maximize access and return on investment (Ellsworth & Ellsworth, 1994, p. 386). This research paper targets to establish how effective is managing direct marketing in social Medias. (b) Scope of the study             Social media is a treasured new instrument in a direct marketer’s toolbox, nevertheless it desires to be improved and utilised properly to undertake the tasks. Creating it informal for clients to share newsletter or Web site content over social grids is just the start. Direct marketers ought to improve viral programs that completely exploit the system’s true capability. Finally, one needs to identify ways to measure their success, which will allow persons to fine-tune their exertions going onward. Leveraging social media as a direct system also allows fundamental tenure, which is crucial to capitalize on triumph across all sections. Eradicating many owners not only rationalizes the practice, but also accelerates having one unified approach that can house the business goals of multiple departments, such as public relations, customer service, and sales. Clumsy management by numerous sections can lead to varied communications that hinder the company’s ability to attract followers, fans, or other influencers. Social media marketers comprehend the value in directing targeted messages and gauging their success, which is why it is not astonishing that many companies are leveraging their email marketing departments to board on social media creativities. 2.0 How to conduct the study (a) Methodology: Research Philosophy, Approach, Strategy and Methods               There are various approaches of obtaining information while conducting research. These methods of obtaining information refer to as research methods. Research methods include personal interviews, literature searches, focus groups, and email surveys, telephone surveys, talking with people and mail surveys. Literature search entails going through already sourced materials to obtain information. Materials that are readily available with information are such as newspapers, magazines, relevant trade publications, company literature, online materials and any other relevant and already published materials. This method of conducting research is one of the cheapest methods for conducting research. Online data is a quick research process that lies under this category of information research methods. It is very fast in obtaining information. Talking with people is another good method of gathering information for a project. It is most relevant at initial stages of conduct ing research for a project. It is mostly preferred when looking for the information that is not publicly available (Cohen& Morrison, 2003, p. 179). To obtain adequate information on the effectiveness of directing marketing in social media chose to use various methods for sourcing the information, each strategy of obtaining the information is analysed below and its effectiveness and efficiency on information deliver. The information to be research will be too new again to be got in literature resources, therefore, preferring to look for it from real persons. For example, talking with people will be through seminars, association meetings, customers, suppliers, and all other types of business conversations. A focus group is concerned with a study to explore people’s attitudes and ideas. It will be used to obtain information about something new in the market and effectiveness of social media in promoting its awareness. Group focus method obtains the information from a selected group of the people called the sample. The information acquired could be based on the process of selecting a sample. The most preferred method for sample selection is a random selection; this is preferred because, all the characters stand an equal chance to be select. Email and internet analyses are comparatively original and few is available about the outcome of sampling bias on internet surveys. While it is noticeable that internet survey most regards effective and quickest way of dispensing a study, the demographic outline of the internet handler will not represent the general population, although this is changing. Before doing an email or internet study, One shall carefully consider the effect that this bias might have on the results. Social media include such as Facebook, twitter, eBay amongst many others. They are friendly in nature and this reduces the may processes of formalities needed. In social media, personal conduct with a client is ensured; a person can communicate directly to the client and hence reach him or her in a better way to explain him or her about his products. Personal interviews are a technique to get detailed and all-inclusive information. They engage one person interviewing another person for person or comprehensive information. Personal interviews are very costly because of the person-to-person nature of the interview. Normally, as an interviewer, I will ask questions from a documented questionnaire and list the answers word-perfect. Occasionally, a questionnaire is merely a list of topics that the study wants to confer with a business professional. Personal interviews because of their expense are on mostly used only when subjects are not probable to react to other survey techniques. This will allow the researcher to get information about the effectiveness of direct marketing from individuals that I would not have got through any other research method. Telephone surveys are the fastest method of collecting information from a comparatively bulky sample. As an assessor, I will track an organized writing that is fundamentally identical to a written questionnaire. However, different from a mail survey, a telephone survey would permit the chance for sure judgement searching. Telephone surveys usually last fewer than ten minutes. Typical charges are between four and six thousand dollars and they can be accomplished in two to four weeks. Mail surveys are a cost current way of collecting information. They are best for big sample amounts, or when the sample is sourced from a wide geographical area. They charge a little less than telephone interviews, but they take over double as long to complete normally, eight to twelve weeks. Since there is no interviewer, there is no likelihood of interviewer prejudice. The foremost shortcoming is the incapability to review respondents for more complete information. In conducting research on social media marketing, one needs to outline the target group well. The target group shall be outlined clearly, because the mode of advertising will be a framed in a way to suit it. By conducting good research, information that is the most basic for a set form of marketing will be acquired. It is good to note that even time and the way of marketing selected dictates the target group of managing the marketing. Social media marketing offers a wide geographical advertisement. Social Medias is the most necessary forums where a person can meet a very large number of people from different ethnic groups. It is very easy to capture the target group within a very short as opposed to all other channels of advertisement. 3.0 Why is there need to study this topic 3.1 Contribution to the field            While some companies perceive social Medias as mere channels for building knowledge on products, there is evidence that direct marketers are competing to possess huge demand generation potential. The assessment outlines the â€Å"land grab† that is going on in organizations over regulation of social media; with 29 per cent of respondents say social media is being shared by many departments. However, possession by direct marketing acquires the top with 36 per cent of respondents. As the setting of reference, solitary 9 percent of respondents suggest public relations sectors own that social media. That social media is a workable and influential direct channel is vibrant. Nevertheless, the review also exposes social media’s strong linking with email promoting. In fact, 66% of salespersons plan to assimilate the two channels in 2009. This move wholly makes logic: Email is a vital part of social media, as it is relied upon to keep members knowledgeable abo ut the up-to-date news and informs. Additionally, assimilating the two networks permits marketers to get a more opinions of the customer, which is necessary for conveying effective and relevant communications (Bird, 2000, p.126). Direct mail is a posted mail that publicizes one’s business and its goods and services. There are many different categories of direct mail. For example catalogues, postcards, envelope mailers. Direct mail operations are typically, sent to all delivery customers in a zone or to entirely customers on a marketing list. Telemarketing entails contacting viable customers through the phone to sell products or services. Telemarketing is skilful of generating new customer prospects in huge bulks. Nevertheless, a fruitful campaign involves scheduling and using correct and well-researched customer data to match customer profiles to product profiles. Email marketing is a cost-effective, simple, and measurable method of reaching consumers. It can include e-newsletters and promotional emails to create new leads or deals for existing clients, or ads that can perform in other business’s emails. 3.2 The significance of the study             The study is important, as it would study social media as a forum for conducting direct marketing. Through the study also one gets to know several contributions of different methods in giving information about social media. By researching on direct marketing and social media, one gets to appreciate its effort in increasing the knowledge of different products of a business. The study will allow marketers in choosing the most appropriate method of product promotion in the future. Social media can be used successfully as a marketing tool for business as it gives someone a chance to interact directly with his/her customers and often share significant product or service information. Consider developing a profile for a business firm that permits one to promote your products and services while also cheering customers to deliver feedback by leaving comments; this is the advice from one of the social network owners. It is of very great importance to adopt direct marketing in social media (Sheehan, 2010, p. 45). Taking a lesson from directing marketing, social media marketing is best served only by focusing on activities that result in measurable results. If persons believe that business page gathers fan with greater affinity to the brand, maybe researchers can also believe that we would not be able to measure the effects of that brand loyalty it in a way that is particularly satisfying. It is for more productive to think of social media as a direct marketing system, and create campaigns and track results in a manner that is related to direct marketing. Not all customers are created equal. Some customers fall into what marketers refer to as ‘heavy user’ category. These customers purchase products or services with the highest profit margin or simply frequent one’s business more often than the average. This important group is the most valuable asset and one probably wish you had more like them. A business grows due to trusted customers and well crediting policies. Through d irect marketing, it would be very easy to create awareness of the existence of your business establishment. Social media provides an environment to conduct direct marketing that help to improve on sales (Zarrella, 2010, p. 109). In direct marketing, we know that people tend to befriend with others who are similar to themselves; they live in the same neighbourhoods, engage in similar activities, and so on. This tendency makes targeting profitable customers much easier. Most customer databases are transactional in nature. They capture sales, product numbers, and customer names. They do not, however, help to create messages or track results. To make issues tracking efficiently, one will need to attach the national field to your customer records, which makes note of their social media affiliation. As new customers are acquired, it is helpful if coupons or specials that the new customer might use are tracked back to a social media outlet, allowing you to see results over time. In addition, one may be able track results that provide some substance to the real contribution that greater brand loyalty of social media followers provides to your business. This provides a glimpse of how direct marketing in a social medi a, is helpful in tracking customers (Kotler & Armstrong, 1991, p. 283). 4.0 Timeline of the study               When the goal is to produce a rapid reaction to a coupon or incentive, traditional direct marketing channels are the best. Coupons perform well online, but conventional media rules up better. Nevertheless, one can use social media to add importance to the customer interaction by lashing target customers to interactive and participative website or any other informational areas. This adds value to the usefulness of direct marketing in the social media, based on previous research proposal (Evans, 2008, p.19). 5.0 Effectiveness of accomplishing the task:                  The research proposal is set comprehensive enough to cater for demands for a marketer in conducting research. The different method employed would ensure every detail concerning directing in social media is realized by the research. This research methodology lacks discrimination of standards or organizations to ensure that it would source for the information from all groups and levels of people in the world. The speed and accuracy of obtaining the information are ensured in the research proposal through employing new technologies and electronic devices such as computers in the research. These electronic devices would ensure safe storage of data for reference reasons. It also provides a quick accessibility of information since the storage is convenient to retrieve quickly. This would assure researchers the confidence of accomplishing the task successfully. Whichever way one approaches it, the usage of business social networks is very likely an aspect in some side of your marketing plan (Sargeant & West, 2001, p 113). 6.0 Ethical issues in marketing and social media                   The benefit of business making the product and to their customers through the use of online support forums is evident. The difficulties are solved more often than not by other customers, reducing the overall support expenses. While product inventors do a decent profession of testing and anticipating issues, given the difficulty of real life, they just cannot match a span of application environments that are likely to exist. Unexpected errors occur. Proceeding to online support, the only real solution is a call to customer service. The difficulty is, though, that not only is direct and personal customer support crew is often unable to reproduce the issue for the precise reason it occurred in the first place: they fail to have a particular set up or environment that their products have been deployed in (Hofacker, 2001, p. 831). The extent to which direct marketing is useful to an organization expansion is very vital. The major contribution of social media is that it facilitates to bring awareness of products and services to people. Social media also serve to give a wide geographical coverage in advertising (Tuten, & Solomon, 2013, p 78). In the case of research on the business, social Medias also provide readily available information. Direct marketing is cost effective when done in the social media relatively to when conducted by other channels (Zimmerman, 2013, p. 311). It’s was free to create an advert in a social media page and the information reaches many individuals within less time. Direct marketing in social media would also help to improve on clearing the existing bias of a product. A bias about a product may amount from false information about a product mostly generated by the competitor. The list on usefulness of direct marketing in social media marketing cannot be depleting. For a successf ul growth in market size, direct marketing in social Medias is the most appropriate strategy (Raab, 2010, p. 99). References Bird,  D. (2000). Commonsense direct marketing. London: Kogan Page. Cohen,  L., Manion,  L., & Morrison,  K. (2003). Research methods in education. London: RoutledgeFalmer. Direct Marketing Design: The Graphics of Direct Mail and Direct Response Marketing. (1985). New York: PBC International Inc. Ellsworth,  J.  H., & Ellsworth,  M.  V. (1994). The Internet business book. New York: Wiley. Evans,  D. (2008). Social Media Marketing: An Hour a Day. Indianapolis, Ind: Wiley. Hofacker,  C.  F. (2001). Internet marketing. New York: Wiley. Journal of Direct Marketing. (1987). New York, N.Y.: John Wiley & Sons., Inc. Kotler,  P., & Armstrong,  G. (1991). Principles of marketing. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall. Raab,  G. (2010). The psychology of marketing: Cross-cultural perspectives. Burlington, VT: Gower. Sargeant,  A., & West,  D.  C. (2001). Direct & interactive marketing. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. Shaw,  K., & Emily H. Davis Art Gallery (1978). Market research. Akron, Ohio: Emily H. Davis Art Gallery. Sheehan,  B. (2010). Online marketing. Lausanne: AVA Academia. Smith,  P. (1995). Direct Marketing. Hampton, Middlesex [England: Key Note Publications. Tuten,  T., & Solomon,  M. (2013). Social Media Marketing. Boston: Pearson. Zarrella,  D. (2010). The Social Media Marketing Book. Beijing: O’Reilly. Zimmerman,  J., & Ng,  D. (2013). Social Media Marketing All-in-One for Dummies. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Source document

Principal Causes and Consequences of the Spanish

Principal Causes and Consequences of the Spanish Introduction By far and large, the Spanish-American war is viewed by most scholars as one of the major turning points in the history of both America and Spain in terms of their political, social, cultural and even economic structures (Schoultz, 2009).1Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Principal Causes and Consequences of the Spanish-American War specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In essence, the Spanish-American was a short-lived war that was fought between the US and Spain beginning in April 1898 and ending in August this same year. However, in the course of the war, other players like Cuba, Puerto Rico, Germany and the Philippines got involved based on their directly or indirect vested interests in the outcomes of the war. On one hand, there are scholars who are of the opinion that, in spite of the casualties of the war, the Spanish-American war was a necessary endeavor. To support this argument, such scholars point t o the positive results that came from the war- especially with regards to the territories that got colonized (Kaplan, 2003). On the other hand, some scholars criticize the war basing their arguments on the deaths, loss of properties worth millions of shillings, and signing of some treaties which favored the winners of the war while looking down upon the losers, among many other effects that will be duly detailed in the course of this paper. If we are to get the real picture of the Spanish-American war, then it is inherent for us to dig into the annals of history and get authoritative information on the specifics of the war. It is with that in mind that this paper seeks to give a succinct, yet inclusively representative, chronology of the events of the war- with major emphasis being laid on the causes and effects. Once these events are analyzed, a summative recapitulation will be given. Causes of the Spanish-American War Preliminarily, it is worth noting that, just like many wars in history, the Spanish-American war was a culmination of any factors all coming together at one time. In this section of the paper, some of the major factors that contributed to the war are going to be divided into three broad areas: The Spanish world domination and the American need to overthrow them: This will entail the political, economic, social and cultural factors that pushed the two sides towards the war. The influence of the mass media and â€Å"Yellow Journalism†: Here, emphasis will be laid on the journalistic practices and stories that contributed to the war. The Cuban Connection: This will specifically focus on the Cuban interest by both America and Spain and how the need to control it led to the war. The Spanish World Domination and the American Need to Overthrow Them According to Lennon (2002), Spain was considered as the most powerful nation on earth around the mid 1600s.2 During this time, it controlled several colonies across the world especially in Central and South America, the Caribbean and some sections of Asia.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, as time progressed, Spain lost some of its colonial territories majorly through civil wars and the struggle for independence. In spite of loosing these territories, Spain still managed to hold on to a few of its colonies like Cuba and Puerto Rico in the Caribbean Islands and the Philippines in Asia. Shifting our focus temporarily to USA during this time, Musicant, (1998) says that, having been a former colony of Britain; the United States was initially opposed to the issue of colonization as they deemed it as being immoral and unfair to the countries being colonized. However, as the 20th century approached and the dominance of countries like Spain continued to spread like a wildfire; some leaders in USA who ascribed to the notions of mercantilism began promoting ideas in favor of imperialism. A key principle in Imperialism was ethnocentrism- which purported that some cultures and tribes were more superior to others thus necessitating the need for control of the weaker cultures (Lennon, 2002). It is on the basis of such ideologies that leaders like of Roosevelt and William Jennings Brian encouraged the people in USA to embrace the ideologies of colonialism. Many other people also came up to provide moral justifications for engaging into colonization including the need to spread Christian and protestant ideas, viability for trade encouraged by linking up with other nations and the better culture that would result from blending with other cultures (Immerman, 2010). Resultantly, the demand for the US acquiring her own territories grew exponentially and by the 1890s; America had acquired a fair share of colonial territories making it a vibrant and easily noticeable player in the game of world power dominance (Roosevelt, 1913/1967). It is during this time (the 1890s) that the idea of colonizing nearby assets such as Cuba and Puerto Rico came into central focus.3 After a few futile attempts of peaceful negotiations for the colonization of these countries failed, it was eminently clear that the only way to colonize the likes of Cuba and Puerto Rico was through war or some form of battle (Loveman, 2010).4Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Principal Causes and Consequences of the Spanish-American War specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The influence of Mass Media and â€Å"Yellow Journalism† In the 1890s, very few media organizations existed based on immense costs that were needed to run the outlets (Kaplan, 2003). In America, the domination of the media was by William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer. The competition between these two media bigwigs led to the birth of journalism whereby facts and ideas would be exaggerated or twisted to get public attent ion and increase the sale of newspapers (Lennon, 2002). This competition is what later came to be known as Yellow Journalism. Owing to the increasing rivalry between America and Spain in their world dominance and colonization efforts; Hearst and Pulitzer chose to capitalize on the opportunity by exaggerating facts and events- obviously favoring the USA, which was their mother country. For example, in the bid to make the Spanish look bad and unwilling to allow Cuba to gain their independence; Lennon (2002) reports that Hearst and his journalists produced fictitious and ridiculously salacious stories of how the Spaniards were oppressing the Cubans. Soon, public interest in USA regarding the alleged suffering and oppression in Cuba began to grow with several people calling upon President McKinley (USA president at that time) to â€Å"do something† so as to change the situation and help the Cubans (DeGuzmn, 2005).5 It is based on these reports that President McKinley sent America n troops into Cuba- something which angered the Spanish and, after a series of other unfortunate events in Cuba which will be explained later, soon led to the war (Schoultz, 2009). The Cuban Connection In many ways, the Cuban connection was the major highlight and cause of the war. As was earlier mentioned under the contribution of Yellow Journalism towards the war, the public outcries in USA regarding the Spanish oppression in Cuba pushed the President McKinley towards taking an action- even though, personally, he was not a big proponent of the war (DeGuzmn, 2005).Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In January 1898, President McKinley eventually found a reason for justifying his response to the public outcry regarding Cuba when reports by various media indicated that there were escalated riots by Anti-American â€Å"Volunatrios and Pro-Spanish people in Havana detesting against the USA saying that it (the US) was poking its nose where it does not belong (Herring, 2008). It is also around this time that the Spanish Minister to US, Mr. Enrique Dupuy de Là ´me is reported to have said that President McKinley was â€Å"weak and a bidder for the admiration of the crowd† (Lennon, 2002). Not being able to stomach the criticisms anymore, President McKinley decided to send US warships to Cuba. A few weeks later, one of the US warships was sunk and, as earlier stated; the yellow journalists together with the US navy soon corroborated a story alleging that the US Maine disaster, which resulted in deaths of around 250 people, was an act of saboteur by the Spanish (Lennon, 2002). O n the other hand, the Cubans who were in dire need for independence had promised support to the USA, in case they decided to help them fight the common enemy- the Spanish. The culmination of these factors is reason why the war eventually erupted.6 The Consequences of the Spanish-American War Before delving into the effects of the war, it is worth taking note of the following facts about the war. To begin with, the war reportedly began on 3rd July 1898 with the battle of Santiago de Cuba, the fiercest of the naval battle between the Spanish and Americans. In this battle, the Spanish Caribbean fleet was destroyed courtesy of the American soldiers supported by the Cuban independence fighters thus resulting into the besieging of Santiago de Cuba, and, eventually the entire island (Lennon, 2002). Moreover, Theodore Roosevelt, together with his Rough Riders, were very monumental in the war based on their dedicated attacks and assaults on San Juan Heights and San Juan Hill- two important h ills close to the Santiago Harbor which was in great contention (Roosevelt, 1913/1967).7 Seeing that they were overpowered by the Americans, the Spanish tried to flee from the Santiago Harbor. However, the Americans captured them, sunk their ships and killed 323 people with only one American dying as a casualty (Lennon, 2002). This paved the way for retreat and surrender. In finality, the Spanish-American war ended after 109 days with the signing of the â€Å"Treaty of Paris† being the major highlight. It is from this point where the treaty was signed that we are going to consider the consequences of the war. Treaty of Paris and The Political Effects Primarily, this treaty was signed on the December of 1898 (109 days after the war had began) between the US and Spain- with the Cubans, Puerto Ricans and Filipinos being sidelined from negotiations of the treaty. So, even though the treaty mentioned Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Filipinos, it is clear that the treaty was mainly signe d to benefit and satiate the interests of the Spanish and Americans (who were the war winners) while sidelining the losers and people who had apparently contributed greatly towards the starting and ending of the war (Musicant, 1998).8 In the treaty, America’s possessions, in terms of colonial power, was increased as they were given control of Puerto Rico, and Guam while they sold the Philippines for $20 million (Lennon, 2002). Also, the treaty managed to free Cuba who, for long, had been fighting for their freedom. On the other hand, the US gave back the city of St. Augustine Florida to the Spanish. It is worth mentioning that, unlike the treaties signed previously, the Treaty of Paris did not give the acquired territories a promise of rights for citizenship or statehood. In other words, the treaty considered the acquired territories like Puerto Rico of being unable to self-govern their own based on their inferior ranks going by the imperialistic characteristic of ethnocentri sm (DeGuzmn, 2005). Additionally, America’s name was added to the list of existing colonial empires- something which they had previously fought against and branded as demeaning during the days when they were subjects of Britain (Lennon, 2002). Other treaties, or rather legal amendments also saw their way into the extensions of this treaty. For example, before the war, US congress (which chiefly constituted of Anti-imperialists) had passed the Teller Amendment committing to grant Cuba Independence. After the war and Cuba being awarded its freedom, the senate (mainly consisting of pro-imperialists) passed the Platt Amendment which forced a peace treaty on Cuba which forbade the Cubans them from getting into treaties with other nations. According to Herring (2008), the Platt Amendment was considered to be a stab-in-the back move to the Cubans who had trusted the US and helped them during the war, only for US to go against their words after the war. As a matter of fact, the Platt Amendment gave the US control of Cuba in terms of providing a permanent Navy base in Cuba and giving them freedom to stabilize Cuban Militarily as they wished. It is from such freedoms that later treaties were signed between US and Cuba thus paving way for the rise of imperialistic strongholds of US in Cuba like the famed Guantanamo Bay. The Philippine-American War The annexation of the Philippines, as a result of the Treaty of Paris, caused huge problems. In essence, the Filipino had allied with US during the Spanish-American war hoping that they, just like Cuba, would be able to gain their independence. Failing to accord them independence infuriated the Filipinos and made them feel betrayed. Consequently, on the 23rd day of January 1899, the Filipinos forcefully proclaimed independence and elected Emilio Aguinaldo as their president. Immediately, the US responded by sending its army to put down the fake Filipino government thus resulting in war and protests from the natives silen tly supported by Germans who had vested interests in Puerto Rico. In spite of not having a strong military influence, the Filipinos dragged the US into a hot battle that lasted longer than the Anglo-Spanish war claiming close to 4000 American lives and immense destruction of properties being witnessed. However, on 21st March 1901, America finally managed to capture Aguinaldo, forced him to oath loyalty, take a pension from the US and retire peacefully while ensuring that no more revolts were witnessed from the Filipinos. This, eventually, led to the calming down of the Filipinos and thus the halt of the Philippine-American War. Socio-Economic and Cultural Effects The Spanish-American war has both positive and negative socio-economic and cultural effects. Starting with the negative side, Loveman (2010) asserts that the war expectedly resulted in the loss of properties, deaths of useful individuals in the society, and the loss of freedoms and political power- all which had a direct ne gative economic impact. To this effect, Herring (2008) reports that the collapse of the Spanish empire- especially in losing Cuba- caused national trauma which, in effect, reduced their economic strength.9 Still on the negative side, the war resulted in blood between some Spaniards and Americans, Filipinos and the US, Cubans and Spaniards, Germans and Americans (based on the Filipino contention) thus destroying the moral fabric of the relatively good cultural and social environment that previously existed (Musicant, 1998). On the positive side, however, the war resulted in better economies by some nations, like the US who had new trade avenues in their colonized countries (Lennon, 2002). Cuba’s freedom also had a relative positive impact as the exit of the Spanish paved way for investments by their own people (Schoultz, 2009). In Spain, modicum economic gains were witnessed from the investments made by Spaniards who came back from US and Cuba pumping money and business ideas into their home economy. Socially and culturally, some good language patterns emerged. For example, the intermingling between the US and Puerto Rico led to a hybrid of people able to speak English and Spanish on top of their native languages. Similarly, Filipinos were also able to speak German, Spanish and English on top of their native language (Immerman, 2010). Also, there was an improved interrelation between the Northern and Southern people who, prior to the war were not able to speak to one another (Lennon, 2002). Other General Impacts of the War The birth of opinion-based and hyperbole journalism (Yellow Journalism) The shift in global power and recognition of the US as a superpower and the rise of a new generation of imperialist leaders in the USA like Theodore Roosevelt. Increased Involvement of Africans into the military based on their monumental impact during the war, for example, Booker T. Washington. Increased involvement of political groups like the rough riders in na tional politics Conclusion In conclusion, the increase of imperialist leaders getting into the US government led to more expansionist ideas being circulated around the country thus creating the thirst for power consolidation rather than just focusing on progress. Nonetheless, the lessons learnt from the war by all the involved parties served, and still serves, as a great reminder for the importance of dialogue, peaceful coexistence and good international relations amongst various nations and countries regardless of their different ethnicities. This, probably, is the reason why, up to date, the politics of international relations still plays an irreplaceably key role in the balance of social, political, cultural, technological and social aspects of our lives. List of References DeGuzmn, M., 2005. ‘Consolidating Anglo-American Identity around the Spanish-American War’, Ch.3 of Spain’s Long Shadow. The Black Legend, Off-Whiteness and Anglo-American Empire, Minneapol is: University of Minnesota Press. Herring, G. C., 2008. From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign relations since 1776. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Immerman, R. H., 2010. Empire for liberty: a history of American imperialism from Benjamin Franklin to Paul Wolfowitz. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Kaplan, R. L., 2003. American journalism goes to war, 1898–2001: a manifesto on media and empire. Media History, 9 (3). Lennon, K., 2002. Causes and Impacts of the Spanish-American war, https://luceo.net/spanish-american-war/ Loveman, B., 2010. â€Å"The New Navy’, Ch.6 of No Higher Law. American foreign policy and the western hemisphere since 1776, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Musicant, I., 1998. ‘State of the Union’, Ch.1 of Empire by Default. the Spanish-American war and the dawn of the American century, New York: Henry Holt. Roosevelt, T., 1913/1967. ‘An Autobiographical Defense’, Ch.11 of The writings of Theodore Roosevelt, New York: Bobbs-Merrill. Schoultz, L., 2009. That Infernal little Cuban republic: the United States and the Cuban revolution. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Footnotes 1 Schoultz, L., 2009. That Infernal little Cuban republic: the United States and the Cuban revolution. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. P.10-20. 2 Lennon, K., 2002. Causes and Impacts of the Spanish-American war. 3 DeGuzmn, M., 2005. ‘Consolidating Anglo-American Identity around the Spanish-American War’, Ch.3 of Spain’s Long Shadow. The Black Legend, Off-Whiteness and Anglo-American Empire, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 4 Loveman, B., 2010. â€Å"The New Navy’, Ch.6 of No Higher Law. American foreign policy and the western hemisphere since 1776, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 5 DeGuzmn, M., 2005. ‘Consolidating Anglo-American Identity around the Spanish-American War’, Ch.3 of Spain’s Long Shado w. The Black Legend, Off-Whiteness and Anglo-American Empire, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 6 Musicant, I., 1998. ‘State of the Union’, Ch.1 of Empire by Default. the Spanish-American war and the dawn of the American century, New York: Henry Holt. 7 Roosevelt, T., 1913/1967. ‘An Autobiographical Defense’, Ch.11 of The writings of Theodore Roosevelt, New York: Bobbs-Merrill. 8 Musicant, I., 1998. ‘State of the Union’, Ch.1 of Empire by Default. the Spanish-American war and the dawn of the American century, New York: Henry Holt. 9 Herring, G. C., 2008. From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign relations since 1776. Oxford: Oxford University Press. P.15-25.